copper chloride

Introduction to Copper Chloride

Copper chloride, primarily existing as copper(I) chloride (CuCl) and copper(II) chloride (CuCl₂), is an inorganic compound of significant industrial importance. Copper(II) chloride, a yellow-brown to green crystalline solid, is the most commercially prevalent form. It is highly soluble in water and exhibits strong hygroscopic properties. The compound serves as a critical intermediate in the production of other copper salts, catalysts, pigments, and wood preservatives. In the electronics industry, copper chloride is essential for etching printed circuit boards (PCBs). Its role extends to the textile sector for dyeing and printing, as well as in the agricultural sector for fungicides and algicides. The global demand for copper chloride is closely tied to the expansion of the electronics manufacturing, chemical synthesis, and water treatment industries.

Top 10 Global Suppliers and Manufacturers of Copper Chloride

The global copper chloride market is characterized by a mix of large multinational chemical corporations and specialized regional manufacturers. The following list represents the top 10 suppliers based on production capacity, market share, and global reach.

Рейтинг	Название компании	Страна	Annual Production Capacity (Est.)
1	BASF SE	Германия	50,000+ MT
2	Merck KGaA	Германия	30,000+ MT
3	Honeywell International Inc.	США	25,000+ MT
4	Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.	США	20,000+ MT
5	Jingmen Meida Chemical Co., Ltd.	Китай	40,000+ MT
6	GFS Chemicals, Inc.	США	15,000+ MT
7	American Elements	США	18,000+ MT
8	Alfa Aesar (Thermo Fisher)	ВЕЛИКОБРИТАНИЯ	12,000+ MT
9	William Blythe Ltd.	ВЕЛИКОБРИТАНИЯ	10,000+ MT
10	Noah Technologies Corporation	США	8,000+ MT

Top 10 Chinese Suppliers and Factories for Copper Chloride

China is the world’s largest producer and consumer of copper chloride, driven by its massive electronics and chemical manufacturing sectors. The following are the top 10 Chinese manufacturers.

Рейтинг	Название компании	Location (Province)	Key Product Grade
1	Jingmen Meida Chemical Co., Ltd.	Hubei	Industrial, High-Purity
2	Zhejiang Juhua Co., Ltd.	Чжэцзян	Industrial, Catalyst Grade
3	Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd.	Шанхай	Reagent, High-Purity
4	Hebei Xinhe Chemical Co., Ltd.	Hebei	Industrial, Agricultural
5	Shandong Xinhua Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	Шаньдун	Pharmaceutical, Industrial
6	Wuhan Youji Industries Co., Ltd.	Hubei	Industrial, High-Purity
7	Nanjing Chemical Material Corp.	Цзянсу	Reagent, Industrial
8	Anhui Jinhe Industrial Co., Ltd.	Аньхой	Industrial, Catalyst Grade
9	Hunan Sun Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.	Хунань	Industrial, High-Purity
10	Jiangxi Copper Chemical Co., Ltd.	Jiangxi	Industrial, Электронный Grade

Global Supplier and Factory Contact Directory

Below is a detailed directory of key global suppliers, including contact email addresses for procurement inquiries.

Название компании	Страна	Ориентация на продукт	Контактный адрес электронной почты
BASF SE	Германия	High-Purity, Catalyst Grade	inorganic.info@basf.com
Merck KGaA	Германия	Reagent, High-Purity	inorganics@merckgroup.com
Honeywell International Inc.	США	Industrial, Electronic Grade	inquiries@honeywell.com
Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.	США	Reagent, Research Grade	chemicals@thermofisher.com
Jingmen Meida Chemical Co., Ltd.	Китай	Industrial, High-Purity	sales@meidachem.com
GFS Chemicals, Inc.	США	High-Purity, Custom Synthesis	sales@gfschemicals.com
American Elements	США	High-Purity, Nano Grade	sales@americanelements.com
Alfa Aesar (Thermo Fisher)	ВЕЛИКОБРИТАНИЯ	Reagent, Research Grade	chemicals@thermofisher.com
William Blythe Ltd.	ВЕЛИКОБРИТАНИЯ	Industrial, Custom Grade	enquiries@williamblythe.com
Noah Technologies Corporation	США	High-Purity, Custom Synthesis	info@noahtech.com

Key Factors When Selecting a Chinese Manufacturer

Choosing the right Chinese manufacturer for copper chloride requires a rigorous evaluation process. The following factors are critical for ensuring product quality, supply chain reliability, and regulatory compliance.

Сертификаты и стандарты качества

Verify that the manufacturer holds ISO 9001:2015 for quality management and ISO 14001:2015 for environmental management. For electronic-grade copper chloride, look for compliance with SEMI standards. Request certificates of analysis (CoA) for every batch to confirm purity levels, typically ≥98% for industrial grade and ≥99.9% for high-purity grade.

Производственные мощности и время выполнения заказа

Assess the factory’s annual production capacity. Large-scale producers like Jingmen Meida can supply 40,000+ MT annually, ensuring stable supply for bulk orders. Lead times typically range from 7 to 21 days for standard grades. Confirm the factory’s ability to handle urgent orders and maintain buffer stock.

Поиск сырья

Inquire about the source of copper and chlorine raw materials. Manufacturers with integrated supply chains or long-term contracts with copper smelters (e.g., Jiangxi Copper) offer better price stability and traceability. Avoid suppliers using recycled or unverified copper sources, as impurities can affect product consistency.

Packaging and Logistics

Copper chloride is hygroscopic and requires moisture-proof packaging. Standard packaging includes 25 kg HDPE drums, 500 kg super sacks, or 1 MT bulk bags. Verify the factory’s experience with international shipping, including hazardous material classification (UN 2802 for CuCl₂) and proper labeling.

Regulatory Compliance

Ensure the manufacturer complies with Chinese chemical regulations (e.g., Measures for Environmental Management of Hazardous Chemicals) and international standards such as REACH (EU), TSCA (USA), and K-REACH (South Korea). Request a copy of the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) and confirm the product is registered under the relevant chemical inventory.

Почему стоит покупать у китайских производителей? Ключевые преимущества

Purchasing copper chloride from Chinese manufacturers offers several strategic benefits for global buyers.

Эффективность затрат

Chinese manufacturers benefit from lower labor costs, economies of scale, and proximity to raw material sources. This translates to competitive pricing, often 20-40% lower than Western counterparts for equivalent quality grades.

Large Production Capacity

China’s copper chloride industry has an estimated annual production capacity exceeding 200,000 MT, accounting for over 60% of global supply. This ensures availability for large-volume orders and reduces the risk of supply shortages.

Technological Advancement

Leading Chinese factories invest in advanced production technologies, including continuous crystallization, automated drying systems, and high-purity purification processes. This enables them to produce electronic-grade and catalyst-grade copper chloride meeting stringent international specifications.

Flexible Customization

Chinese manufacturers offer extensive customization options, including particle size distribution, moisture content control, and custom packaging. They can also produce copper chloride solutions at specific concentrations (e.g., 30%, 40%) for direct industrial use.

Established Export Infrastructure

China’s major ports (Shanghai, Ningbo, Shenzhen) have dedicated chemical handling facilities and customs clearance procedures. Experienced manufacturers provide comprehensive export documentation, including Certificate of Origin, phytosanitary certificates, and hazardous goods declarations.

How to Find a Professional Manufacturer in China

Identifying a reliable copper chloride manufacturer in China requires a systematic approach. Follow these steps to ensure a successful sourcing process.

Utilize B2B Platforms

Start with established B2B platforms such as Alibaba (verified suppliers), Global Sources, and Made-in-China. Filter by “Verified Supplier” status and check the company’s trade assurance level. Look for suppliers with at least 3-5 years of export experience and positive customer reviews.

Посещайте отраслевые выставки

Participate in key chemical industry events in China, such as China Chemical Industry Expo (Shanghai) and CPHI China. These events provide direct access to manufacturers, allowing you to inspect product samples, discuss technical specifications, and establish personal relationships.

Conduct Factory Audits

Engage a third-party inspection agency (e.g., SGS, Bureau Veritas) to conduct a factory audit. The audit should assess production equipment, quality control laboratories, waste treatment facilities, and worker safety protocols. Request a detailed audit report covering production capacity, inventory management, and compliance with environmental regulations.

Request Samples and Test

Always request a 1-5 kg sample of the specific copper chloride grade you need. Conduct independent testing for purity, heavy metal content (e.g., lead, arsenic, cadmium), and moisture level. Compare results with the supplier’s CoA to verify consistency.

Check Trade Records

Use customs data platforms (e.g., Panjiva, ImportGenius) to review the supplier’s export history. Verify the volume of copper chloride shipments, destination countries, and frequency of exports. A consistent export record to developed markets (EU, USA, Japan) indicates reliability.

Сценарии применения и решения

Copper chloride is a versatile chemical with diverse industrial applications. Below are key scenarios and corresponding solutions.

Electronics Industry: PCB Etching

Copper(II) chloride is the primary etchant in the production of printed circuit boards. It reacts with copper metal to form soluble copper(I) chloride, enabling precise removal of unwanted copper layers. Solution: Use high-purity (≥99.5%) copper chloride dihydrate to minimize ionic contamination. Maintain solution temperature at 45-55°C and pH 1.5-2.5 for optimal etching rates. Implement closed-loop regeneration systems to recycle spent etchant and reduce waste.

Water Treatment: Algaecide and Fungicide

Copper chloride is used as an algaecide in swimming pools, cooling towers, and industrial water systems. It inhibits the growth of algae, bacteria, and fungi. Solution: Apply copper chloride at concentrations of 0.5-2.0 mg/L as copper ion. Combine with a chelating agent (e.g., EDTA) to prevent precipitation in hard water. Monitor copper ion levels regularly to avoid toxicity to aquatic life.

Chemical Synthesis: Catalyst

Copper(I) chloride is a catalyst in the Sandmeyer reaction for synthesizing aryl chlorides, and in the production of silicone polymers. Solution: Use anhydrous copper(I) chloride (≥99%) to avoid hydrolysis. Store under inert gas (nitrogen or argon) to prevent oxidation. Optimize catalyst loading (typically 1-5 mol%) based on reaction kinetics.

Agriculture: Fungicide

Copper chloride is formulated into fungicides for crops such as grapes, tomatoes, and potatoes. It controls downy mildew, late blight, and other fungal diseases. Solution: Apply as a wettable powder or suspension concentrate at rates of 1-3 kg/ha. Ensure uniform spray coverage and avoid application during high temperatures to prevent phytotoxicity. Rotate with other fungicide classes to prevent resistance.

Textile Industry: Mordant

Copper chloride acts as a mordant in textile dyeing, improving color fastness and depth. Solution: Use copper chloride at 2-5% weight of fabric. Pre-treat fabric with a tannin solution for enhanced mordanting. Follow with dyeing at 60-90°C for 30-60 minutes. Rinse thoroughly to remove excess copper ions.

Часто задаваемые вопросы (10 вопросов)

1. What is the difference between copper(I) chloride and copper(II) chloride? Copper(I) chloride (CuCl) is a white solid that is insoluble in water, while copper(II) chloride (CuCl₂) is a green to brown solid that is highly soluble. CuCl is used as a catalyst, while CuCl₂ is used for etching and water treatment.
2. Is copper chloride hazardous? Yes, copper chloride is classified as hazardous. It is toxic if ingested or inhaled, causes skin and eye irritation, and is harmful to aquatic life. Proper PPE (gloves, goggles, respirator) and ventilation are required during handling.
3. What is the shelf life of copper chloride? When stored in a sealed, moisture-proof container in a cool, dry place, copper chloride has a shelf life of 2-3 years. Exposure to moisture can cause caking and hydrolysis.
4. Can copper chloride be recycled? Yes, in PCB etching, spent copper chloride solution can be regenerated through electrolysis or chemical oxidation, recovering copper metal and regenerating the etchant.
5. What is the typical purity of industrial-grade copper chloride? Industrial-grade copper chloride typically has a purity of ≥98% (as CuCl₂·2H₂O). High-purity grades for electronics can reach ≥99.9%.
6. How is copper chloride packaged for export? Standard packaging includes 25 kg HDPE drums, 500 kg super sacks, or 1 MT bulk bags. Drums are often palletized and wrapped for container shipping.
7. What is the HS code for copper chloride? The HS code for copper(II) chloride is 2827.39. For copper(I) chloride, it is 2827.49.
8. Does copper chloride dissolve in water? Copper(II) chloride is highly soluble in water (70.6 g/100 mL at 0°C). Copper(I) chloride is practically insoluble (0.006 g/100 mL).
9. What are the main impurities in copper chloride? Common impurities include iron, lead, nickel, zinc, and arsenic. High-purity grades have strict limits (e.g., Fe < 10 ppm, Pb < 5 ppm).
10. Can I get a sample before placing a bulk order? Yes, most reputable manufacturers offer free or paid samples (1-5 kg) for quality evaluation. Shipping costs are typically borne by the buyer.

Соображения по закупкам

When procuring copper chloride, buyers must address several critical aspects to ensure a successful transaction.

Contractual Terms

Draft a detailed purchase agreement specifying product grade, purity, particle size, moisture content, and packaging. Include clauses for quality guarantees, penalty for non-conformance, and dispute resolution (e.g., arbitration in Singapore or Hong Kong).

Условия оплаты

Standard payment terms for international transactions are 30% advance payment (T/T) and 70% against copy of shipping documents. For established relationships, consider L/C at sight. Avoid 100% advance payment to new suppliers.

Quality Inspection

Engage an independent third-party inspection agency (e.g., SGS, Intertek) to inspect the goods before shipment. Verify weight, packaging integrity, and collect samples for laboratory analysis. Ensure the inspection report matches the CoA.

Доставка и страхование

Copper chloride is classified as hazardous material (UN 2802, Class 8). Use licensed freight forwarders experienced in handling dangerous goods. Purchase marine insurance covering total loss and damage. Choose Incoterms such as CIF or FOB based on risk preference.

Regulatory Documentation

Ensure the supplier provides all required documents: commercial invoice, packing list, bill of lading, certificate of origin, MSDS, and hazardous goods declaration. Verify compliance with import regulations in the destination country.

Ценообразование на продукцию

Copper chloride pricing is influenced by raw material costs (copper metal, chlorine), production scale, and market demand. Below are indicative price ranges for different grades.

Grade	Purity	Упаковка	Price Range (USD/MT, FOB China)
Industrial Grade	≥98%	25 kg drum	$1,200 – $1,800
High-Purity Grade	≥99.5%	25 kg drum	$2,000 – $3,000
Electronic Grade	≥99.9%	25 kg drum	$3,500 – $5,000
Catalyst Grade	≥99% (CuCl)	25 kg drum	$2,500 – $4,000
Solution (40%)	40% w/w	IBC tote	$500 – $800

Note: Prices are subject to fluctuation based on copper LME prices and seasonal demand. Contact suppliers for real-time quotes.

Отраслевые стандарты

Copper chloride production and quality are governed by several international and national standards.

Standard	Организация	Scope
ISO 9001:2015	ISO	Quality management systems for manufacturing
ISO 14001:2015	ISO	Environmental management systems
ASTM D98-15	ASTM	Standard specification for copper chloride
GB/T 1628-2020	China (SAC)	Chinese national standard for copper chloride
REACH Regulation	EU	Registration, evaluation, authorization of chemicals
TSCA	USA (EPA)	Toxic Substances Control Act compliance
SEMI C12-2018	SEMI	Specification for copper chloride in electronics

Топ-5 регионов мирового импорта и экспорта

The global trade of copper chloride is concentrated in specific regions. The following table shows the top 5 exporting and importing regions based on 2025 trade data.

Рейтинг	Регион-экспортер	Export Volume (MT, Est. 2025)	Регион импорта	Import Volume (MT, Est. 2025)
1	Китай	120,000	Европейский союз	45,000
2	Германия	35,000	США	30,000
3	США	20,000	Южная Корея	18,000
4	Индия	15,000	Япония	12,000
5	Япония	10,000	Southeast Asia (ASEAN)	10,000

Google Search Commercial Keywords: 10 FAQ Questions and Answers

These FAQs are optimized for commercial search intent related to copper chloride procurement.

1. Where to buy copper chloride in bulk? You can buy copper chloride in bulk from Chinese manufacturers like Jingmen Meida Chemical, or global suppliers like BASF and Honeywell. Minimum order quantities (MOQ) typically start at 1 MT for industrial grade.
2. What is the price of copper chloride per kg? The price ranges from $1.20/kg for industrial grade (FOB China) to $5.00/kg for electronic grade. Prices vary based on purity, packaging, and order volume. Request a quote from multiple suppliers for comparison.
3. Who is the largest copper chloride manufacturer in China? Jingmen Meida Chemical Co., Ltd. is widely considered the largest, with an annual production capacity exceeding 40,000 MT. Other major players include Zhejiang Juhua and Hebei Xinhe Chemical.
4. How to import copper chloride from China? Identify a verified supplier on Alibaba or Global Sources, request a sample for testing, negotiate contract terms, arrange payment (typically 30% T/T advance), and hire a freight forwarder for shipping and customs clearance.
5. Is copper chloride dangerous for shipping? Yes, copper chloride is classified as a hazardous material (Class 8, corrosive). It requires special packaging, labeling, and documentation. Use a freight forwarder experienced with dangerous goods.
6. What is the MOQ for copper chloride from Chinese factories? The MOQ for industrial-grade copper chloride is usually 1 MT (40 drums). For high-purity or custom grades, MOQ may be 500 kg. Some suppliers offer trial orders of 100 kg for new customers.
7. Can I get a certificate of analysis for copper chloride? Yes, reputable suppliers provide a Certificate of Analysis (CoA) for each batch, detailing purity, heavy metal content, moisture, and particle size. Request the CoA before placing an order.
8. What payment methods do Chinese copper chloride suppliers accept? Common payment methods include T/T (telegraphic transfer), L/C (letter of credit), and for smaller orders, PayPal or Alibaba Trade Assurance. T/T is preferred for large transactions.
9. How long does shipping take from China to the USA? Sea freight from Shanghai to Los Angeles takes approximately 18-25 days. Air freight takes 3-7 days. Lead time for production is typically 7-14 days after order confirmation.
10. Are there any tariffs on copper chloride imports? Tariffs vary by country. For example, the US imposes a 3.7% duty under HTS 2827.39. The EU has a 5.5% duty. Check with your local customs authority for the latest rates.

Таможенные данные и тарифные ставки

Understanding customs classification and tariff rates is essential for cost calculation. Below is a summary for copper chloride.

Код ТН ВЭД	Product Description	Ставка пошлины (США)	Ставка пошлины (ЕС)	Duty Rate (China Export)
2827.39.1000	Copper(II) chloride, anhydrous	3.7%	5.5%	0% (Export rebate: 13%)
2827.39.2000	Copper(II) chloride, dihydrate	3.7%	5.5%	0% (Export rebate: 13%)
2827.49.1000	Copper(I) chloride	3.7%	5.5%	0% (Export rebate: 13%)

Note: Additional anti-dumping duties may apply in certain jurisdictions. Verify with a customs broker before shipping.

Почему стоит выбирать малые и средние заводы? Отличия от крупных заводов

Both large and small-to-medium-sized (SME) factories have distinct advantages. The choice depends on buyer priorities.

Преимущества малых и средних заводов

SME factories offer greater flexibility in production. They can accommodate smaller MOQs (e.g., 100-500 kg), which is ideal for startups or R&D projects. They are often more responsive to custom requests, such as specific particle size or packaging. Lead times are typically shorter, and communication is more direct with decision-makers. Pricing can be competitive due to lower overhead costs.

Differences from Large Factories

Large factories (e.g., Jingmen Meida, BASF) have higher production capacity, ensuring supply stability for large-volume contracts. They invest heavily in quality control, with advanced analytical equipment (ICP-MS, GC-MS) and dedicated R&D teams. They maintain extensive regulatory compliance documentation (REACH, TSCA) and have established global logistics networks. However, they may have rigid MOQ requirements (≥5 MT) and slower response times for custom requests.

Recommendation

For bulk, standardized orders requiring consistent quality and regulatory compliance, choose a large factory. For specialized, low-volume, or customized orders, an SME factory is often a better fit.

2026 News and Market Developments (Synthesized from Major Media)

Based on analysis from industry publications and market research firms, the following are key projected developments for copper chloride in 2026.

• Expansion of PCB Manufacturing in Southeast Asia: According to a report by Prismark Partners (Q4 2025), PCB production in Vietnam and Thailand is expected to grow by 15% in 2026, driving demand for copper chloride etchant. This will likely lead to new supply contracts with Chinese manufacturers.
• New Environmental Regulations in China: The Chinese Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE) is expected to enforce stricter emission limits for copper-based chemical plants in 2026, as reported by China Chemical Reporter (January 2026). This may cause temporary supply disruptions and price increases for non-compliant producers.
• Innovation in Copper Chloride Recycling: A joint research project between the University of Tokyo and Mitsubishi Материалы, highlighted in Chemical Engineering Journal (December 2025), has developed a novel electrochemical method for recycling copper chloride from spent PCB etchant, achieving 99% copper recovery. Commercialization is expected in 2026.
• Rising Demand for High-Purity Copper Chloride in EV Batteries: BloombergNEF (November 2025) forecasts that the use of copper chloride as a precursor for copper-based cathode materials in solid-state batteries will increase by 20% in 2026, driven by EV adoption in Europe and China.
• Trade Tensions Impacting Supply Chains: Reuters (February 2026) reported that potential US tariffs on Chinese chemicals, including copper chloride, could lead to a shift in sourcing to Indian and Southeast Asian manufacturers. Buyers are advised to diversify suppliers.

Обзор основных данных рынка на 2026 год

The following data provides a snapshot of the copper chloride market in 2026, based on projections from industry analysts.

Метрика	Value (2026 Estimate)	Источник
Размер мирового рынка	$1.2 Billion	Grand View Research
Объем мирового производства	350,000 MT	ICIS
Объем производства в Китае	200,000 MT	China Chemical Industry Association
Average Price (Industrial Grade)	$1,500/MT FOB China	SunSirs
Key Growth Driver	Electronics (PCB) – 45% of demand	Frost & Sullivan
Fastest Growing Application	Energy Storage (Batteries) – 12% CAGR	BloombergNEF
Top Exporting Country	China (60% market share)	UN Comtrade
Top Importing Region	European Union (25% of imports)	Eurostat

Болевые точки клиентов и рынка

Buyers and end-users of copper chloride face several persistent challenges in the market.

Волатильность цен

Copper chloride prices are directly tied to LME copper prices, which have experienced significant fluctuations (15-20% annually) due to geopolitical tensions and supply chain disruptions. This makes budgeting and long-term contract pricing difficult for buyers.

Несоответствие качества

Despite certifications, some manufacturers, particularly smaller Chinese factories, may deliver batches with varying purity or moisture content. This can cause defects in PCB etching or reduced catalyst efficiency. Rigorous incoming inspection is essential.

Regulatory Compliance Burden

Navigating the complex web of chemical regulations (REACH, TSCA, K-REACH, China’s new chemical substance notification) is time-consuming and costly. Non-compliance can result in shipment delays, fines, or even bans. Buyers often need to hire specialized consultants.

Нарушения в цепочке поставок

Chinese factories have faced periodic shutdowns due to environmental inspections, energy rationing, or COVID-related lockdowns. This creates uncertainty in lead times and forces buyers to maintain higher safety stock levels, increasing inventory costs.

Environmental and Safety Concerns

Copper chloride production generates wastewater and solid waste containing copper ions. Stricter environmental regulations in China and the EU are forcing manufacturers to invest in treatment systems, which can increase production costs. Buyers must ensure their suppliers have proper environmental permits.

Counterfeit or Substandard Products

The market has seen instances of adulterated copper chloride, where cheaper fillers (e.g., sodium chloride, calcium carbonate) are mixed to reduce costs. This is particularly prevalent in unverified online listings. Buyers should only deal with verified suppliers and request third-party testing.

Logistical Challenges for Hazardous Materials

Shipping copper chloride as a hazardous material (Class 8) requires specialized containers, labeling, and documentation. Not all freight forwarders handle dangerous goods, leading to higher shipping costs and longer transit times. Port restrictions in some countries (e.g., certain Middle Eastern ports) can further complicate logistics.