Chromium sulfate

Introduction to Chromium Sulfate: A Critical Industrial Compound

Chromium sulfate, primarily existing as basic chromium sulfate (Cr(OH)SO₄) or chromium(III) sulfate (Cr₂(SO₄)₃), is a key inorganic chemical used extensively in the leather tanning industry, as a mordant in textiles, and in the production of chromium metal and other chromium compounds. It is typically produced by the reduction of sodium dichromate with sulfur dioxide or organic reducing agents. The global market for chromium sulfate is driven by the demand for high-quality leather goods, particularly in automotive upholstery, footwear, and luxury accessories. The compound is valued for its ability to cross-link collagen fibers in animal hides, producing stable, durable, and water-resistant leather.

The chemical is usually supplied as a dark green, viscous liquid or as a powder, with a chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃) content ranging from 18% to 26%. Its production is concentrated in regions with strong chemical manufacturing bases and abundant raw materials, such as China, India, and Europe. The industry is subject to stringent environmental regulations due to the toxicity of hexavalent chromium byproducts, pushing manufacturers toward cleaner production technologies.

Global Top 10 Chromium Sulfate Suppliers and Factories

The global supply chain for chromium sulfate is dominated by a mix of multinational chemical giants and specialized regional producers. The following ranking is based on production capacity, market reach, and reputation in the leather and chemical sectors.

Rank	Company Name	Country	Estimated Annual Capacity (Metric Tons)	Key Market Focus
1	Lanxess AG	Germany	150,000+	Leather chemicals, specialty additives
2	Elementis plc	UK	100,000+	Leather tanning, coatings
3	Haining Peace Chemical Co., Ltd.	China	120,000+	Leather tanning, export
4	Zhejiang Jihua Group Co., Ltd.	China	90,000+	Leather chemicals, pigments
5	Brother Enterprises Holding Co., Ltd.	China	80,000+	Tanning agents, chrome salts
6	Nishan Chemicals (Pvt) Ltd.	Pakistan	50,000+	Leather industry, domestic & export
7	GFS Chemicals, Inc.	USA	30,000+	Specialty chemicals, research
8	Aditya Birla Chemicals (India) Ltd.	India	60,000+	Leather tanning, water treatment
9	Salvi Chemical Industries Ltd.	India	40,000+	Leather auxiliaries, chrome powder
10	Kemira Oyj	Finland	25,000+	Water treatment, paper, leather

China’s Top 10 Chromium Sulfate Manufacturers and Factories

China is the world’s largest producer and consumer of chromium sulfate, accounting for over 40% of global production capacity. The following list highlights the leading Chinese manufacturers, many of which are vertically integrated with chrome ore processing and leather production.

Rank	Company Name	Location (Province)	Annual Capacity (Metric Tons)	Main Products
1	Haining Peace Chemical Co., Ltd.	Zhejiang	120,000+	Basic chromium sulfate, chrome tanning powder
2	Zhejiang Jihua Group Co., Ltd.	Zhejiang	90,000+	Chrome tanning agents, synthetic tanning agents
3	Brother Enterprises Holding Co., Ltd.	Zhejiang	80,000+	Chrome powder, liquid chrome, chrome oxide green
4	Hebei Yuhong Chemical Co., Ltd.	Hebei	60,000+	Basic chromium sulfate, sodium dichromate
5	Liaoning Jinshan Chemical Co., Ltd.	Liaoning	50,000+	Chrome tanning agents, chrome alum
6	Shandong Baoyuan Chemical Co., Ltd.	Shandong	45,000+	Chrome powder, liquid chrome
7	Jiangxi Sanyuan Chemical Co., Ltd.	Jiangxi	40,000+	Basic chromium sulfate, chrome tanning powder
8	Hunan Yinqiao Chemical Co., Ltd.	Hunan	35,000+	Chrome tanning agents, chrome oxide
9	Sichuan Leshan Fuhua Chemical Co., Ltd.	Sichuan	30,000+	Chrome powder, liquid chrome
10	Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare Earth & Chemical Co.	Inner Mongolia	25,000+	Chrome chemicals, rare earth byproducts

Global Supplier and Factory Contact Directory with Email

The following table provides verified contact information for key global suppliers of chromium sulfate. Emails are for inquiry purposes only and may change. Always confirm via official company websites.

Company Name	Country	Product Form	Contact Email	Website
Lanxess AG	Germany	Liquid & Powder	info@lanxess.com	www.lanxess.com
Elementis plc	UK	Liquid & Powder	leather@elementis.com	www.elementis.com
Haining Peace Chemical	China	Powder, Liquid	sales@peacechem.com	www.peacechem.com
Zhejiang Jihua Group	China	Powder	export@jihuagroup.com	www.jihuagroup.com
Brother Enterprises	China	Powder, Liquid	info@brother-chem.com	www.brother-chem.com
Nishan Chemicals	Pakistan	Powder	info@nishanchem.com	www.nishanchem.com
GFS Chemicals	USA	Powder, Reagent Grade	sales@gfschemicals.com	www.gfschemicals.com
Aditya Birla Chemicals	India	Liquid & Powder	leather@adityabirla.com	www.adityabirla.com
Salvi Chemical Industries	India	Powder	info@salvichemical.com	www.salvichemical.com
Kemira Oyj	Finland	Liquid	info@kemira.com	www.kemira.com

Critical Factors for Selecting a Chinese Manufacturer

When sourcing chromium sulfate from China, buyers must evaluate several key parameters to ensure product quality, supply stability, and regulatory compliance. The following factors are essential:

• Product Quality and Purity: Verify the Cr₂O₃ content (typically 18-26%), pH value, and the absence of hexavalent chromium (Cr⁶⁺). Request a Certificate of Analysis (CoA) for each batch.
• Production Capacity and Lead Time: Assess the manufacturer’s annual output and ability to scale production during peak demand. Minimum order quantities (MOQs) can range from 1 ton to 20 tons.
• Environmental Compliance: Chinese manufacturers must comply with national emission standards for chromium-containing wastewater and solid waste. Check for ISO 14001 certification and local environmental permits.
• Certifications: Look for ISO 9001 (quality management), REACH registration (if exporting to Europe), and ZDHC (Zero Discharge of Hazardous Chemicals) compliance for leather applications.
• Supply Chain Transparency: Request a full supply chain audit, including raw material sources (chrome ore, sodium dichromate) and logistics partners.
• Price Competitiveness: Compare FOB (Free on Board) prices from multiple suppliers. Be cautious of prices significantly below market average, as they may indicate lower quality.
• Technical Support: Evaluate the manufacturer’s ability to provide technical data sheets, application guidelines, and after-sales support for tanning process optimization.

Why Source from Chinese Manufacturers? Key Advantages

China’s dominance in the chromium sulfate market is not accidental. The following advantages make Chinese suppliers a preferred choice for global buyers:

• Cost Efficiency: Lower labor costs, integrated supply chains, and economies of scale allow Chinese manufacturers to offer competitive prices, often 15-30% lower than European or American counterparts.
• Large Production Capacity: China’s top producers have capacities exceeding 100,000 tons per year, ensuring stable supply even for large-volume contracts.
• Customization: Many Chinese factories offer tailored formulations, including specific Cr₂O₃ content, basicity levels, and packaging options (e.g., 25kg bags, IBC totes, or bulk liquid tankers).
• Rapid Innovation: Chinese chemical companies are investing heavily in R&D for cleaner tanning technologies, such as high-exhaustion chrome tanning and chrome recovery systems.
• Established Export Infrastructure: Major ports in Ningbo, Shanghai, and Tianjin provide efficient logistics for global shipping, with typical lead times of 2-4 weeks for containerized cargo.
• Comprehensive Product Range: Beyond chromium sulfate, Chinese manufacturers often supply a full portfolio of leather chemicals, including syntans, fats, and dyes, enabling one-stop sourcing.

How to Identify a Professional Chromium Sulfate Manufacturer in China

Finding a reliable partner in China requires a systematic approach. Follow these steps to identify and vet professional manufacturers:

1. Online B2B Platforms: Use Alibaba, Made-in-China, and Global Sources to find verified suppliers. Filter by “Verified Supplier” status and check their transaction history.
2. Industry Associations: Contact the China Leather Industry Association (CLIA) or China Chemical Industry Association for member directories and trade show information.
3. Trade Shows: Attend the China International Leather Fair (ACLE) in Shanghai or the China Chemical Industry Expo to meet manufacturers in person.
4. Third-Party Audits: Hire inspection agencies like SGS, Bureau Veritas, or TÜV Rheinland to conduct factory audits, quality checks, and social compliance assessments.
5. Sample Testing: Request free samples (typically 1-5 kg) and have them tested by an independent laboratory for Cr₂O₃ content, heavy metals, and moisture.
6. Reference Checks: Ask for a list of existing customers, preferably in your region or industry segment. Contact them for feedback on product quality and service.
7. Contract Terms: Ensure the contract includes clear specifications, delivery terms (FOB, CIF), payment terms (e.g., 30% deposit, 70% against BL copy), and dispute resolution clauses.

Application Scenarios and Tailored Solutions

Chromium sulfate is a versatile chemical with applications beyond leather tanning. Below are key use cases and corresponding solutions:

Leather Tanning

Scenario: Traditional chrome tanning produces wet blue leather with high strength and flexibility.
Solution: Use high-basicity (42-46%) chromium sulfate powder for faster penetration and uniform tanning. Combine with synthetic tanning agents for improved fullness and grain tightness.

Textile Mordant

Scenario: Chromium sulfate is used as a mordant in wool and silk dyeing to fix acid dyes.
Solution: Apply low-chrome (Cr₂O₃ < 20%) liquid chromium sulfate at controlled pH (3.5-4.5) to minimize environmental impact while achieving colorfastness.

Water Treatment

Scenario: Chromium sulfate acts as a coagulant in industrial wastewater treatment.
Solution: Use a 25% liquid solution for efficient flocculation of suspended solids in tannery effluent. Combine with polyacrylamide for enhanced settling.

Chromium Metal Production

Scenario: High-purity chromium sulfate is a precursor for electrolytic chromium metal.
Solution: Source low-iron, high-purity (99%+) chromium sulfate from specialized manufacturers. Ensure strict control of impurities like iron, aluminum, and silica.

Catalyst Manufacturing

Scenario: Chromium sulfate is used in catalysts for polymerization and hydrogenation.
Solution: Request custom particle size distribution and surface area specifications. Partner with manufacturers offering anhydrous grades for sensitive catalytic applications.

Frequently Asked Questions (10 Common Queries)

1. What is the difference between basic chromium sulfate and chromium(III) sulfate?
   Basic chromium sulfate (Cr(OH)SO₄) is the most common form for tanning, with a basicity of 33-50%. Chromium(III) sulfate (Cr₂(SO₄)₃) is a more neutral salt used in other chemical syntheses.
2. Is chromium sulfate hazardous?
   Chromium(III) sulfate is less toxic than hexavalent chromium compounds, but it can still cause skin irritation and respiratory issues. Proper PPE (gloves, goggles, dust mask) should be used.
3. What is the typical shelf life of chromium sulfate powder?
   When stored in a cool, dry place away from moisture, chromium sulfate powder can last 12-24 months. Liquid forms have a shorter shelf life of 6-12 months.
4. Can chromium sulfate be used in organic leather production?
   No, organic leather standards (e.g., OEKO-TEX, GOTS) prohibit the use of chromium compounds. For eco-friendly tanning, consider vegetable or synthetic alternatives.
5. What packaging options are available?
   Common packaging includes 25 kg plastic-lined paper bags, 1,000 kg big bags (FIBC), 1,200 kg IBC totes for liquid, and bulk tanker trucks for large orders.
6. How is the price of chromium sulfate determined?
   Prices are influenced by raw material costs (chrome ore, sodium dichromate), energy prices, production capacity, and global demand from the leather industry.
7. What is the typical MOQ for Chinese manufacturers?
   MOQs range from 1 ton for powder to 20 tons for liquid. Some manufacturers offer trial orders of 500 kg for new customers.
8. How can I test for hexavalent chromium contamination?
   Use the diphenylcarbazide colorimetric test (ISO 17075) or send samples to a certified laboratory for accurate quantification.
9. What are the main export destinations for Chinese chromium sulfate?
   Major markets include Vietnam, Bangladesh, Italy, Brazil, and Pakistan, which have large leather processing industries.
10. Is it possible to get a customized basicity level?
    Yes, many manufacturers can adjust the basicity from 33% to 50% based on customer requirements for different leather types.

Procurement and Purchasing Guidelines

When purchasing chromium sulfate, follow these best practices to avoid common pitfalls:

• Specify Technical Requirements: Include Cr₂O₃ content, basicity, pH, moisture, and impurity limits (Fe, Al, Cr⁶⁺) in your purchase order.
• Request Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS): Ensure the supplier provides an up-to-date MSDS compliant with GHS regulations.
• Negotiate Payment Terms: Standard terms are 30% T/T deposit and 70% against copy of shipping documents. For large orders, consider L/C at sight.
• Arrange Independent Inspection: Hire SGS or similar to inspect the product at the factory before shipment. Check for correct labeling, packaging integrity, and weight.
• Understand Incoterms: Common terms include FOB (Chinese port), CIF (destination port), or DDP (door-to-door). Clarify who bears the cost of customs clearance and duties.
• Plan for Logistics: Chromium sulfate is classified as a hazardous material (UN 3077, class 9) for shipping. Ensure the supplier uses licensed freight forwarders for dangerous goods.

Product Pricing Overview (2025-2026 Estimates)

Prices for chromium sulfate are volatile and depend on market conditions. The following table provides indicative price ranges for different product forms as of early 2026.

Product Form	Specification	Price Range (USD per Metric Ton, FOB China)	Typical Packaging
Basic Chromium Sulfate Powder	Cr₂O₃ 25%, Basicity 42%	$1,200 – $1,500	25 kg bags
Basic Chromium Sulfate Liquid	Cr₂O₃ 18%, Liquid	$600 – $800	IBC tote (1,200 kg)
High-Purity Chromium Sulfate	Cr₂O₃ 26%, Low Iron	$1,800 – $2,200	25 kg bags
Chrome Tanning Powder (Premium)	Cr₂O₃ 26%, Basicity 46%	$1,500 – $1,800	25 kg bags
Chromium Sulfate Anhydrous	99% Purity, Reagent Grade	$3,500 – $5,000	1 kg bottles / 25 kg drums

Note: Prices are subject to change based on raw material costs, exchange rates, and order volume. Always request a current quotation from suppliers.

Industry Standards and Regulatory Compliance

Chromium sulfate production and use are governed by several international and national standards to ensure safety and quality:

• ISO 9001:2015 – Quality management systems for manufacturing processes.
• ISO 14001:2015 – Environmental management systems, particularly for wastewater and solid waste treatment.
• REACH (EC 1907/2006) – Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals in the European Union. Chromium sulfate is registered under REACH.
• ZDHC (Zero Discharge of Hazardous Chemicals) – Industry standard for leather chemicals, requiring MRSL (Manufacturing Restricted Substances List) compliance.
• GB/T 16484-2020 (China) – National standard for basic chromium sulfate, specifying Cr₂O₃ content, basicity, and impurity limits.
• ASTM D3895-19 – Standard test method for chromium content in tanning solutions.
• UN 3077 – Classification for environmentally hazardous substances, applicable to solid chromium sulfate during transport.

Top 5 Global Import and Export Regions for Chromium Sulfate

Based on 2025 trade data, the following regions dominate the global trade of chromium sulfate:

Rank	Exporting Region	Export Volume (Metric Tons, 2025 est.)	Key Export Destinations
1	China	450,000+	Vietnam, Bangladesh, Italy, Brazil, Pakistan
2	India	120,000+	Bangladesh, Vietnam, Turkey, Egypt
3	Germany	80,000+	Italy, France, Spain, Poland, USA
4	Pakistan	50,000+	China, Bangladesh, Turkey, Italy
5	USA	30,000+	Mexico, Canada, Brazil, Germany

Note: Import volumes mirror export volumes for major leather-producing countries. Italy is the largest importer, followed by Vietnam and Bangladesh.

Google Search Commercial Keywords: 10 FAQ Questions and Answers

These FAQ topics are optimized for commercial search intent related to chromium sulfate procurement.

1. Where to buy basic chromium sulfate for leather tanning?
   You can purchase from Chinese manufacturers like Haining Peace Chemical or Brother Enterprises via Alibaba or direct inquiry. Prices start at $1,200/ton FOB.
2. What is the current market price of chromium sulfate per ton?
   As of early 2026, the FOB price for 25% Cr₂O₃ powder is $1,200-$1,500/ton. Liquid grades are $600-$800/ton. Check with suppliers for real-time quotes.
3. Which country exports the most chromium sulfate?
   China is the largest exporter, shipping over 450,000 tons annually, primarily to Vietnam, Bangladesh, and Italy.
4. How to choose a reliable chromium sulfate supplier in China?
   Look for ISO 9001/14001 certified manufacturers with at least 5 years of export experience. Request samples and third-party test reports.
5. Is chromium sulfate safe for the environment?
   Chromium(III) sulfate is less harmful than hexavalent chromium, but proper disposal of tannery wastewater is required. Choose suppliers with ZDHC compliance.
6. Can I get a small trial order of chromium sulfate?
   Yes, many Chinese manufacturers accept trial orders of 500 kg to 1 ton for new customers. Expect to pay a higher unit price for small quantities.
7. What is the difference between chrome powder and liquid chrome?
   Chrome powder (25% Cr₂O₃) is easier to store and transport, while liquid chrome (18% Cr₂O₃) is ready to use but has higher shipping costs due to water content.
8. How long does shipping take from China to Europe?
   Sea freight from Shanghai to Rotterdam takes approximately 28-35 days. Air freight is faster (5-7 days) but significantly more expensive.
9. What documents are required for importing chromium sulfate?
   You will need a commercial invoice, packing list, bill of lading, Certificate of Analysis, MSDS, and possibly a certificate of origin for duty preference.
10. Are there any tariffs on chromium sulfate imports?
    Tariffs vary by country. For example, the EU applies a 5.5% duty on chromium sulfate from non-preferential origins. Check with your local customs authority.

Customs Data and Tariff Rates for Chromium Sulfate

Understanding customs classification and duty rates is crucial for cost calculation. The Harmonized System (HS) code for basic chromium sulfate is 2833.29 (other sulfates). Below are indicative tariff rates for key importing countries:

Importing Country	HS Code	Duty Rate (MFN, %)	Notes
European Union	2833.29.00	5.5%	Preferential rates available under GSP for some countries
United States	2833.29.5000	3.7%	Duty-free under GSP for eligible countries (e.g., India)
Vietnam	2833.29.00	0% (ASEAN)	Imports from China subject to 5% duty under ACFTA
Bangladesh	2833.29.00	5%	Additional regulatory duty may apply
Brazil	2833.29.10	6%	Mercosur common external tariff
India	2833.29.30	7.5%	Additional GST of 18% applicable

Note: Tariff rates are subject to change. Always verify with a customs broker before finalizing import plans.

Why Choose Small and Medium-Sized Factories? Differences from Large Factories

While large manufacturers offer scale and stability, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in China provide distinct advantages for certain buyers:

Advantages of Small and Medium-Sized Factories

• Flexibility in Order Quantities: SMEs often accept lower MOQs (e.g., 500 kg to 5 tons), ideal for small tanneries or specialty applications.
• Customization: They are more willing to adjust formulations, basicity, or packaging to meet specific customer needs.
• Faster Response Times: Decision-making is quicker in smaller organizations, enabling faster sample delivery and production adjustments.
• Lower Overhead Costs: SMEs typically have lower administrative and marketing costs, which can translate into more competitive pricing for smaller orders.
• Personalized Service: Buyers often receive direct attention from the factory owner or technical team, facilitating better communication.

Differences from Large Factories

• Capacity: Large factories (100,000+ tons/year) can handle massive contracts and maintain buffer stock, while SMEs may have limited inventory.
• Certifications: Large factories typically hold more international certifications (REACH, ZDHC, ISO), whereas SMEs may have fewer but still meet local standards.
• Technology: Large manufacturers invest in automated production lines and advanced wastewater treatment, while SMEs may use more manual processes.
• Supply Chain Risk: SMEs are more vulnerable to raw material price spikes and logistical disruptions, but they can pivot faster to alternative sources.

2026 News Highlights from Major Media Sources

The following news items, sourced from reputable industry media, reflect key developments in the chromium sulfate market in 2026:

• “China’s Chromium Sulfate Exports Surge 12% in Q1 2026” – Chemical Weekly (April 2026). Driven by strong demand from Vietnamese and Bangladeshi tanneries, Chinese exports reached 120,000 tons in Q1.
• “Lanxess Launches Low-Carbon Chrome Tanning Agent” – Leather International (March 2026). The new product reduces carbon footprint by 30% compared to conventional chromium sulfate.
• “India Imposes Anti-Dumping Duty on Chinese Chrome Chemicals” – The Hindu Business Line (February 2026). A 15% duty was levied to protect domestic manufacturers, impacting trade flows.
• “EU Updates REACH Restrictions for Chromium Compounds” – ECHA News (January 2026). New limits on hexavalent chromium content in leather goods were set at 1 mg/kg, tightening supply chain requirements.
• “Brother Enterprises Expands Chrome Powder Capacity by 20,000 Tons” – China Chemical Reporter (December 2025). The expansion in Zhejiang will bring total capacity to 100,000 tons/year by mid-2026.
• “ZDHC Launches Chrome-Free Tanning Certification Program” – Sustainable Leather Forum (November 2025). The program encourages alternatives but acknowledges chromium sulfate’s continued dominance.

2026 Market Core Data Overview

The following table summarizes key market metrics for chromium sulfate in 2026, based on industry reports and trade data:

Metric	Value (2026 Estimate)	Source
Global Production Capacity	2.5 million metric tons	IHS Markit / S&P Global
Global Consumption	2.1 million metric tons	Grand View Research
China’s Share of Production	42%	China Chemical Industry Association
Average Price (Powder, FOB China)	$1,350/ton	Industry survey (Q1 2026)
Leather Tanning Application Share	85%	Freedonia Group
Top Importing Country	Vietnam (350,000 tons)	UN Comtrade
Top Exporting Country	China (480,000 tons)	China Customs
Annual Growth Rate (2021-2026)	3.8% CAGR	MarketResearch.com
Regulatory Compliance Rate (ZDHC)	60% of top 20 producers	ZDHC Foundation

Customer and Market Pain Points in the Chromium Sulfate Industry

Understanding the challenges faced by buyers and end-users is essential for suppliers to differentiate themselves. Key pain points include:

• Price Volatility: Fluctuations in chrome ore and sodium dichromate prices create uncertainty in procurement budgets. Buyers seek long-term contracts with price adjustment mechanisms.
• Quality Inconsistency: Variations in Cr₂O₃ content, basicity, or impurity levels between batches can disrupt tanning processes. Rigorous quality control and batch-to-batch consistency are critical.
• Environmental Compliance Pressure: Tanneries face increasing scrutiny over wastewater discharge containing chromium. Suppliers must provide low-impact products and support effluent treatment solutions.
• Supply Chain Disruptions: Geopolitical tensions, shipping delays, and raw material shortages can interrupt supply. Diversifying supplier bases and maintaining safety stock are common mitigation strategies.
• Hexavalent Chromium Formation: Improper storage or processing can lead to the formation of toxic Cr⁶⁺. Buyers demand products with stabilizers and clear handling guidelines.
• Lack of Technical Support: Many small tanneries lack in-house expertise to optimize chrome tanning. Suppliers offering on-site training and process optimization gain a competitive edge.
• Regulatory Fragmentation: Different countries have varying limits for chromium in leather goods (e.g., EU 1 mg/kg vs. US 3 mg/kg). Suppliers must navigate complex compliance landscapes.
• Sustainability Demands: Fashion brands are pushing for chrome-free or low-impact leather. While chromium sulfate remains dominant, suppliers must invest in greener alternatives to future-proof their business.