{"id":4380,"date":"2026-04-12T14:40:54","date_gmt":"2026-04-12T06:40:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/factory-supplier.com\/power-steering-oil-tank\/"},"modified":"2026-05-19T12:46:11","modified_gmt":"2026-05-19T04:46:11","slug":"power-steering-oil-tank","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/factory-supplier.com\/ar\/power-steering-oil-tank\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"ai-article-toc\">\n<h4>\ud83d\udcd1 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0f2c396407df4c9f1b26041f6b708644\">\ud83d\udcc4 1. \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-af34d1b90bebb1713578f2189b7de31c\">\ud83d\udcc4 2. \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 10 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-95184024ad99c24ab7b23ea8d582c1cc\">\ud83d\udcc4 3. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 10 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3cce6e453a932c71cfa0034cb42c8820\">\ud83d\udcc4 4. \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-047a3911846d4e2aa0089a844d6b4d90\">\ud83d\udcc4 5. \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-56b1363ec5220d87ffc7111f8a2e3c57\">\ud83d\udccc 5.1 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \ud83d\udccc 5.1 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-172d99795135c32f59cc07b8586a78d6\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 5.2 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-f0f1f66fec7f8bb2c048023488962c5c\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 5.3 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-166b8fa6440d657006d4971b490d7f98\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 5.4 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-45e3c173247e744755201cfd967b58df\">\ud83d\udccc5.5 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-302994e8c65321b53ecd72af58c063f8\">\ud83d\udcc4 6. \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u061f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6b11594aaa96a16d291668ed4fc282e6\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 6.1 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-c947f52d6593ca08c510e43aa344b040\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 6.2 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-470eb6ffc602dbd8e37a70363e0970b2\">\ud83d\udccc 6.3 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-30f2b5fb3d1d628a7bf74ad22fbeb8ca\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 6.4 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1b9f4509d479c541fe8f67013fcb5ec4\">\ud83d\udcc4 7. \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6e6aa41d96b6c5e3aa3aa0453772da96\">\ud83d\udccc\u0639\u0644\u0645 \ud83d\udccc7.1 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0628\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-c6ad55ebe96c5823137afb57d8dc66fb\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 7.2 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646\u063a<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-d0d91902613e1c22450c810337376d21\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 7.3 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0646\u063a \u064a\u0646\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-ad9fc55a7df93357310e7562641955aa\">\ud83d\udcc4 8. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/a><\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-c576b21a94acc0f2567f560b4a1fef78\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 8.1 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a B2B \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-c834efe4edd07a7e5fe4269b6052f031\">\ud83d\udccc8.2 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \ud83d\udccc8.2 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-51f6ba8feb29666aaffa9b251ea7b82d\">\ud83d\udccc8.3 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \ud83d\udccc8.3 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8e2a5580d31986a8c470cd24297f5d1b\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 8.4 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3ff0200e8e574d5817c4d0f25d4ec384\">\ud83d\udcc4 9. \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644<\/a><\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-d8d17a0f5fb6dbe0a9e52996b1c14825\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 9.1 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-97dd60a23b04d57df83e10c7d9db7c12\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \ud83d\udccc9.2 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8ae8818523ad77d8edb758ebfbdd57fa\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 9.3 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0631\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5240ee748dfe3a3522fd5a7366222fd1\">\ud83d\udccc 9.4 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (EVs) \ud83d\udccc 9.4 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (EVs)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0b500807188973986039e6dda6a5320d\">\ud83d\udcc4 10. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 (FAQs)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5ddb6399891ee4991bf312155d69ff33\">\ud83d\udcc4 11. \u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/a><\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-37a4d556ab1be4fdee0e18f36472dd3b\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 11.1 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 (MOQ)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7c25868c610e70d6382b56a904241bba\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 11.2 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8800fd20f3b5e075193af9f7236ee701\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 11.3 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8950ef30b41f1e71a0d64dc48b1c8fdf\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 11.4 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-e00825c3688f82cd5351e4e34a9cb6f4\">\ud83d\udcc4 12. \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-f3c70b53e54f2396f4807c3d2c47de61\">\ud83d\udcc4 13. \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c (2026)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1902159b31f24333e5f6e859140f3ff4\">\ud83d\udcc4 14. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/a><\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8f777b9fcd45ab873dd0000818c8a9b0\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 14.1 SAE J189<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-ce22a2581dc82c1340ff79f1a9460e2c\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 14.2 ISO 4406<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-ca01051561aca120529819784caf1928\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 14.3 IATF 16949<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-85d9c20b069aac43c8d9829834a6acec\">\ud83d\udccc\u0639\u0644\u0645 14.4 astm d2000<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-b77ceeb6e680342fecf37ff574378628\">\ud83d\udcc4 15. \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 5 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-efd025644e889efa993be616d1b60b03\">\ud83d\udcc4 16. \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u062b \u062c\u0648\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u064810 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1f0792680c274e111b27174cde0659fc\">\ud83d\udcc4 17. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 (2026)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-b7dd6e5e5da928985abccf3d4a5d37ee\">\ud83d\udcc4 18. \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u061f<\/a><\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-ae189759dc5c54ab3a2ccb4fb2cc2e43\">\ud83d\udccc 18.1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 (SMEs)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1cf2136866abe28974f4788a3c39021e\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 18.2 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-06983023900558d693889dcc2c823aec\">\ud83d\udcc4 19. \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2026)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-cd30fc87c1bdedb6955a98e8e3f812b7\">\ud83d\udcc4 20. \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 2026<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-03647af2aeb0f47f5befb80d784aa761\">\ud83d\udcc4 21. \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642<\/a><\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1fcebe666a3c4e1e89fae0b61720f422\">\ud83d\udccc 21.1 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \ud83d\udccc 21.1 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3f2ffbbc55617187cf2282e7865e4db5\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \ud83d\udccc 21.2 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3018c33094fe7cfdaeba9f203cf96236\">\ud83d\udccc\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 21.3 \ud83d\udccc\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-b73bea26525de2c6c8f6a369d44ff097\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0644\u062f\u0629 \ud83d\udccc21.4 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0644\u062f\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-978d8ad8ebcd1f286960cbb1b86a5aed\">\ud83d\udccc\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 21.5 \ud83d\udccc 21.5 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h1>\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h1>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0f2c396407df4c9f1b26041f6b708644\">1. \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a (\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646. \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u063a\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644\/\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644. \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644. \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-af34d1b90bebb1713578f2189b7de31c\">2. \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 10 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629\/\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 2025-2026.<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"8\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;\">\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f<\/th>\n<th>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 ZF Friedrichshafen AG<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<td>$43 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Robert Bosch GmbH<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<td>$91 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0634\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>$47 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 (\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629) $47 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 (\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0634.\u0645.\u0645.<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627<\/td>\n<td>$22 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 22 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0627<\/td>\n<td>$38 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Aisin Seiki Co., Ltd.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>$35 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0633<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>$30 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 TRW \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 ZF)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 ZF<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 NSK \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>$8 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 JTEKT<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>$12 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-95184024ad99c24ab7b23ea8d582c1cc\">3. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 10 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"8\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;\">\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Ningbo Tuopu Group Co., Ltd.<\/td>\n<td>\u0646\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0628\u0648\u060c \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0646\u063a<\/td>\n<td>\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>IATF 16949\u060c ISO 9001<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0646\u063a<\/td>\n<td>\u0647\u0627\u0646\u063a\u062a\u0634\u0648\u060c \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0646\u063a<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td>IATF 16949\u060c ISO 14001<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Zhejiang Yinlun Machinery Co., Ltd.<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0648\u060c \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0646\u063a<\/td>\n<td>\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>IATF 16949\u060c ISO 9001<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>Shanghai Zhenghao Auto Parts Co., Ltd.<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0646\u063a\u0647\u0627\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0628\u062d<\/td>\n<td>ISO 9001\u060c TTS 16949<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>Shandong Hengyuan Auto Parts Co., Ltd.<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646\u063a\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u063a<\/td>\n<td>\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>IATF 16949<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>Guangzhou Xianglong Auto Parts Co., Ltd.<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u063a\u062a\u0634\u0648\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u063a\u062f\u0648\u0646\u063a<\/td>\n<td>\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632<\/td>\n<td>\u0622\u064a\u0632\u0648 9001<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>Jiangsu Chiangsu Changzhou Dingsheng Auto Parts Co., Ltd.<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0646\u063a\u062a\u0634\u0648\u060c \u062c\u064a\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0633\u0648<\/td>\n<td>\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>IATF 16949<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>Hubei Sanhuan Auto Parts Co., Ltd.<\/td>\n<td>\u0648\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647<\/td>\n<td>ISO 9001\u060c TTS 16949<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td>Anhui Quanchai Engine Co., Ltd.<\/td>\n<td>\u062e\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0648\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>IATF 16949<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>Fujian Jinjiang Xingda Auto Parts Co., Ltd.<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0646\u063a\u060c \u0641\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0622\u064a\u0632\u0648 9001<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3cce6e453a932c71cfa0034cb42c8820\">4. \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 2025). \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"8\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;\">\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 ZF Friedrichshafen AG<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<td>info@zf.com<\/td>\n<td>www.zf.com<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Robert Bosch GmbH<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<td>automotive@bosch.com<\/td>\n<td>www.bosch.com<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0634\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>global@denso.com<\/td>\n<td>www.denso.com<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0641\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0634.\u0645.\u0645.<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627<\/td>\n<td>valeo.contact@valeo.com<\/td>\n<td>www.valeo.com<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0627<\/td>\n<td>info@magna.com<\/td>\n<td>www.magna.com<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Aisin Seiki Co., Ltd.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>contact@aisin.com<\/td>\n<td>www.aisin.com<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0633<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>mobis@mobis.com<\/td>\n<td>www.mobis.com<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 NSK \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>info@nsk.com<\/td>\n<td>www.nsk.com<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 JTEKT<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>contact@jtekt.co.jp<\/td>\n<td>www.jtekt.com<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0628\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0628\u0648 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>sales@tuopu.com<\/td>\n<td>www.tuopu.com<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"toc-047a3911846d4e2aa0089a844d6b4d90\">5. \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"toc-56b1363ec5220d87ffc7111f8a2e3c57\">5.1 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 IATF 16949\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. ISO 9001 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-172d99795135c32f59cc07b8586a78d6\">5.2 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c 50,000 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b). \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a 15-30 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-f0f1f66fec7f8bb2c048023488962c5c\">5.3 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 (HDPE) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062e).<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-166b8fa6440d657006d4971b490d7f98\">5.4 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-45e3c173247e744755201cfd967b58df\">5.5 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 (\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629). \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-302994e8c65321b53ecd72af58c063f8\">6. \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u061f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"toc-6b11594aaa96a16d291668ed4fc282e6\">6.1 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 30-50% \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-c947f52d6593ca08c510e43aa344b040\">6.2 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 (1000 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629).<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-470eb6ffc602dbd8e37a70363e0970b2\">6.3 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-30f2b5fb3d1d628a7bf74ad22fbeb8ca\">6.4 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0633 \u0633\u064a\u062c\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1b9f4509d479c541fe8f67013fcb5ec4\">7. \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"toc-6e6aa41d96b6c5e3aa3aa0453772da96\">7.1 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0628\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Tuopu \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1983\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Geely \u0648BYD \u0648SAIC. \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 (\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 5 \u0628\u0627\u0631).<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-c6ad55ebe96c5823137afb57d8dc66fb\">7.2 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0646\u063a<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0646\u063a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1969\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-d0d91902613e1c22450c810337376d21\">7.3 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Zhejiang Yinlun Machinery Co., Ltd.<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 Yinlun \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u062a\u064a IATF 16949 \u0648ISO 14001.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-ad9fc55a7df93357310e7562641955aa\">8. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"toc-c576b21a94acc0f2567f560b4a1fef78\">8.1 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a B2B \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 Alibaba \u0623\u0648 Made-in-China \u0623\u0648 Global Sources. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u201c\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u201d \u0648\u201c\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646 IATF 16949\u201d. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-c834efe4edd07a7e5fe4269b6052f031\">8.2 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0634\u0646\u063a\u0647\u0627\u064a (\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2026) \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 (\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631). \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-51f6ba8feb29666aaffa9b251ea7b82d\">8.3 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 SGS \u0623\u0648 Bureau Veritas \u0623\u0648 T\u00dcV Rheinland \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-8e2a5580d31986a8c470cd24297f5d1b\">8.4 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (CAAM) \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3ff0200e8e574d5817c4d0f25d4ec384\">9. \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"toc-d8d17a0f5fb6dbe0a9e52996b1c14825\">9.1 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a HDPE \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-97dd60a23b04d57df83e10c7d9db7c12\">9.2 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 (2-5 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a). \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644: \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-8ae8818523ad77d8edb758ebfbdd57fa\">9.3 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644: \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-5240ee748dfe3a3522fd5a7366222fd1\">9.4 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (EVs)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644: \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0b500807188973986039e6dda6a5320d\">10. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 (FAQs)<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u061f<\/strong> 5-10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u0628\u061f<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u061f<\/strong> \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0646 II\/III ATF \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 CHF 11S).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u061f<\/strong> \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621\u061b \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u201cMIN\u201d \u0648\u201cMAX\u201d \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0626\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u061f<\/strong> \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0647\u0644 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629\u061f<\/strong> \u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u061f<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645) \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0627\u064b\u061b \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0623\u0631\u062e\u0635 \u062b\u0645\u0646\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u061f<\/strong> \u0643\u0644\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u061f<\/strong> $15-$50 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c $50-$150 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u061f<\/strong> \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629\u061b \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5ddb6399891ee4991bf312155d69ff33\">11. \u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"toc-37a4d556ab1be4fdee0e18f36472dd3b\">11.1 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 (\u0645\u0648\u0643)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u0646 500 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1000 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0643 \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-7c25868c610e70d6382b56a904241bba\">11.2 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0639 30% (T\/T) \u064870% \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f (L\/C) \u0643\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-8800fd20f3b5e075193af9f7236ee701\">11.3 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 FOB (\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629) \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0628\u0648 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0646\u063a\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0646. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0646 20 \u0625\u0644\u0649 35 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-8950ef30b41f1e71a0d64dc48b1c8fdf\">11.4 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 12 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0636\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-e00825c3688f82cd5351e4e34a9cb6f4\">12. \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u201c\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629\u201d<\/strong> \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633 \u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 - \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u201c\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u201d<\/strong> \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a - \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u201c\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631\u201d<\/strong> \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0643\u0627 - \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"toc-f3c70b53e54f2396f4807c3d2c47de61\">13. \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a (2026)<\/h2>\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"8\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;\">\n<tr>\n<th>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0635\u0647\u0631\u064a\u062c \u0639\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>HDPE Plastic<\/td>\n<td>$2.50 - $5.00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0635\u0647\u0631\u064a\u062c \u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td>$8.00 - $15.00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td>\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646\/\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628<\/td>\n<td>$12.00 - $25.00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 OEM<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>$5.00 - $20.00 (\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1902159b31f24333e5f6e859140f3ff4\">14. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"toc-8f777b9fcd45ab873dd0000818c8a9b0\">14.1 SAE J189<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-ce22a2581dc82c1340ff79f1a9460e2c\">14.2 ISO 4406<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 18\/16\/13 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-ca01051561aca120529819784caf1928\">14.3 IATF 16949<\/h3>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-85d9c20b069aac43c8d9829834a6acec\">14.4 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0645 D2000<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-b77ceeb6e680342fecf37ff574378628\">15. \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 5 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632<\/h2>\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"8\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;\">\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 (%)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 (%)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0643)<\/td>\n<td>28%<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>35%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 (\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>25%<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<td>18%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626 (\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f)<\/td>\n<td>20%<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>12%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>10%<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>8%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646)<\/td>\n<td>7%<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>6%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"toc-efd025644e889efa993be616d1b60b03\">16. \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u062b \u062c\u0648\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064810 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629: \u201c\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u201d\u060c \u201c\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u201d\u060c \u201c\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u201d\u060c \u201c\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 OEM\u201d\u060c \u201c\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0633: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/strong> \u062c: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 Alibaba \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u201c\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u201d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a IATF 16949\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/strong> \u062c: \u0645\u0646 $2.50 \u0625\u0644\u0649 $15.00 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0633: \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0644\u064a\u061f<\/strong> \u062c: \u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 $2,000 \u0625\u0644\u0649 $10,000.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0643 \u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u061f<\/strong> \u062c: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 500 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1000 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0645\u0646 100 \u0625\u0644\u0649 200 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/strong> \u062c: \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 20 \u0625\u0644\u0649 35 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627\u061b \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 7 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/strong> \u062c: IATF 16949\u060c \u0648ISO 9001\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c RoHS).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0633: \u0647\u0644 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong> \u062c: \u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629\u061f<\/strong> \u062c: T\/T\u060c L\/C\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b PayPal \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0633: \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639\u061f<\/strong> \u062c: \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 12 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0633: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0644\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/strong> \u062c: \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0650 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1f0792680c274e111b27174cde0659fc\">17. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 (2026)<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642 8708.99 (\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a).<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"8\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;\">\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0629 (%)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>2.5%<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0646\u062f HTSUS 8708.99.81<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n<td>3.0%<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 CN 8708 99 97 8708<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f)<\/td>\n<td>6.0%<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642 8708.99.99.99<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<td>10.0%<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642 8708.99.00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>0%<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c 13% \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c 20% \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-b7dd6e5e5da928985abccf3d4a5d37ee\">18. \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"toc-ae189759dc5c54ab3a2ccb4fb2cc2e43\">18.1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 (SMEs)<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627:<\/strong> \u0645\u0648\u0643 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 (100-500 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628:<\/strong> \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-1cf2136866abe28974f4788a3c39021e\">18.2 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627:<\/strong> \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\/\u0633\u0646\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 (Six Sigma)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628:<\/strong> \u0645\u0648\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 5,000 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629. \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-06983023900558d693889dcc2c823aec\">19. \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2026)<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0632 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2026):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u201c\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 $35 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2030\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u201d<\/strong> - \u0631\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0632\u060c 3 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2026.<\/li>\n<li><strong>&#8220;Chinese Auto Parts Exports Surge 12% in Q1 2026, Steering Components Lead&#8221;<\/strong> - \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062c\u060c 10 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2026.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u201cZF \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u201d<\/strong> - \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c 15 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2026.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u201c\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2026\u201d<\/strong> - \u0648\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0644\u060c 20 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2026.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u201c\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0628\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0628\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 30%\u201d<\/strong> - \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c 22 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2026.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"toc-cd30fc87c1bdedb6955a98e8e3f812b7\">20. \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 2026<\/h2>\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"8\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;\">\n<tr>\n<th>\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2026)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632)<\/td>\n<td>$2.8 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 (\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 2024-2030)<\/td>\n<td>4.5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/td>\n<td>45%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a)<\/td>\n<td>$8.50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0628 (65%)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 500<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"toc-03647af2aeb0f47f5befb80d784aa761\">21. \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"toc-1fcebe666a3c4e1e89fae0b61720f422\">21.1 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0631\u062f\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 100% \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-3f2ffbbc55617187cf2282e7865e4db5\">21.2 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644: \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-3018c33094fe7cfdaeba9f203cf96236\">21.3 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 21.3<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-b73bea26525de2c6c8f6a369d44ff097\">21.4 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0644\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0632\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644: \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 IATF).<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"toc-978d8ad8ebcd1f286960cbb1b86a5aed\">21.5 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a REACH \u0648 RoHS \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644: \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0635\u062d\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (MSDS) \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062f\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud83d\udcd1 Table of Contents \ud83d\udcc4 1. Introduction: Understanding the Power Steering Oil Tank \ud83d\udcc4 2. Global Top 10 Power Steering Oil Tank Suppliers and Factories \ud83d\udcc4 3. China Top 10 Power Steering Oil Tank Suppliers and Factories \ud83d\udcc4 4. Global Supplier Contact Information Table \ud83d\udcc4 5. Factors to Consider When Choosing a Chinese Manufacturer \u2514 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[117,395,393],"class_list":["post-4380","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-auto-parts","tag-automotive","tag-oil-tank","tag-power-steering"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/factory-supplier.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4380","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/factory-supplier.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/factory-supplier.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/factory-supplier.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/factory-supplier.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4380"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/factory-supplier.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4380\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/factory-supplier.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4380"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/factory-supplier.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4380"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/factory-supplier.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4380"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}